EMPIRE BIOFUELS PROPOSED ETHANOL PLANT 

Response to Questions to the Town Board of the Town of Seneca Falls

What follows are the responses from Empire Biofuels to questions presented to the town board by residents of Seneca Falls .  The Town Board does not warrant these responses and or validate them.  They are posted at the requests of the residents that had initially presented them.  The board will continue to research and do it's due diligence during the evaluation of Empire Biofuels application process.

Question 1: An ethanol plant in Caro , Michigan , which went into operation in late 2003, is causing odor and other safety problems for its neighbors - some of whom have filed suit against their local government officials and the plant Safety problems mentioned include: odors, traffic congestion, and multiple serious fires.

Many communities in the mid-west with operating ethanol plants have received complaints from citizens regarding offensive odors coming from plants and spreading for miles. Complaints have continued in communities even where plants have been equipped with more modern devices called thermal oxidizers. How do we know Seneca Falls will not experience any offensive odors from an ethanol plant? How would any such odors be compatible with our quality of life and our tourism industry?

Response 1: While this question referred to many issues, the primary question appeared to be focused on the potential for odor generation from ethanol plants, which will be responded to here. The remaining issues raised in this question will be addressed in responses to subsequent questions

The referenced Caro plant was designed by Broin, Inc. of Sioux Falls , not the selected designer of Empire's proposed plant.

Ethanol production from corn creates a crushed grain byproduct. Essentially, it is crushed wet corn, which is sold as feed for cattle. Wet grains degrade rapidly in quality however, so in the wet form, the product has a short self-life. Drying the grains make them easier to handle and transport to the consumer (farms). So grain dryers are employed to dry the grain. The resulting product is sold as Dried Distillers Grain or DDG. Historically, ethanol facility related odor complaints have centered around "toasty" or "burned" smells, which resulted from grain dryers associated with ethanol plants. Ethanol plants typically use a direct fire natural gas dryer to dry the wet grains to produce DDG. Historically, these dryers were operated at intake temperatures as high as 900-1000 degrees F to expedite drying. Early plants were less efficient, allowing unfermented sugars to pass through the process that caramelized when exposed to the high temperatures, leading to a darker color, greater emissions and a "heavy" odor. Today, dryer operating temperatures are typically 600 to 700 degrees F resulting in a bright yellow, higher value DDG that is now considered a valuable and saleable product of the process. Drying at these lower temperatures also reduces odor. Additional odor reduction came about with the installation of thermal oxidizers (TOs) at all ethanol plants. A TO is a very high temperature incinerator that captures and destroys volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and eliminates 95-99% of all dryer emissions and odor. There have been very few odor complaints at Delta-T facilities prior to installations of the thermal oxidizers and none after.

The thermal oxidizer that Empire Biofuels is planning to install has proven effective in plants where odor complaints had been received. One example is the ACE Ethanol Plant in Stanley , Wisconsin . The facility owners very openly told Seneca Falls Town Board members who visited that plant as recently as December 2004 that they had received odor complaints and had been fined for surpassing their emissions permit rating. After they installed the thermal oxidizer, according to City of Stanley residents, including the Mayor and Fire Chief, those issues were fully addressed and odor is no longer a problem. The Mayor of the City of Stanley is David Jankoski (715) 644-5758, City Hall 116

East 3rd Avenue , P0 Box 155 , Stanley , Wisconsin 54768-0155 .

Finally, as to the lawsuit in Caro against the local government, the assertion is that the locality did not follow required zoning procedures. We believe the Town of Seneca Falls is fully aware of its obligations under state and local law and will comply with all requirements.

Question 2 : According to the EPA and other scientific agencies, ethanol plants have been known sources for the release of Volatile Organic Compounds (or VOCs) and carcinogens. Many ethanol plants across the country have been fined by the EPA for such releases including the ACE Ethanol plant in Stanley , Wisconsin which paid a $300,000 fine in 2004. 1 believe this is the plant that members of our town board visited earlier this year. It was constructed by Delta- T, the company hoping to build the proposed plant in Seneca Falls . What assurances would we have as a community that our air quality would not be damaged in any manner?

Response 2: The ACE Ethanol plant was built without a requirement for a thermal oxidizer, with pollution equipment approved by the EPA. ACE passed its initial EPA emissions tests and remained in compliance until EPA changed their testing procedures. This change was brought about when Gopher State Ethanol in St. Paul , Minnesota (not a Delta T facility) asked for a review of its emissions. The EPA then began a series of much more rigorous emission testing of dryer stacks. This new data led to a requirement for installation of Best Available Technology (BAT) viz., thermal oxidizers (TOs) for all Minnesota plants, soon to be followed by plants in other states as well.

The ACE plant was caught in the rule change. When ACE was found to be in violation, a $300,000 fine was assessed and paid. ACE then accelerated the installation of their TO. All new ethanol plants are now subject to the new emissions standards and are required to have TOs. It should be noted that the report by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Air Quality/Genera L/#1 .21/October 2002 said that the original emission rates of Gopher State were not considered a health violation. The Minnesota Department of Health's follow-up investigation near this St. Paul plant indicated that levels of VOCs at the stacks did not exceed the health limits used to evaluate health impacts.

Twelve Minnesota plants worked with the Federal government to institute the initial changes. The Department of Justice praised the ethanol industry's efforts saying....

"This is a success story for everyone involved and a sign of continued progress with the ethanol industry. These companies are to be commended for working cooperatively with state and federal officials to achieve compliance with the New Source Review requirements of the Clean Air Act," said Tom Sansonetti, Assistant Attorney General for the Justice Department's Environmental and Natural Resources Division. And-- "The ethanol industry, by implementing the new technology to reduce its air emissions, is demonstrating that it shares the same concern to protect our environment," said MPCA Commissioner Karen Studders.

Empire Biofuels plans to install state of the art pollution control systems, including the thermal oxidizer to minimize and control volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions. In addition, process monitoring equipment will be incorporated in the plant design as part of the pollution control plan and in accordance with New York State and Federal Law to ensure that the plant does not exceed permitted emissions.

VOCs are organic compounds that easily become vapors or gases. Along with carbon, they contain elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, sulfur, or nitrogen. Volatile organic compounds are released from burning fuel, such as gasoline, wood, coal, or natural gas. They are also released from solvents, paints, glues, and other products.

The health effects of volatile organic compounds can vary greatly depending on the compound, which can range from being highly toxic to having no known health effects. The health effects of volatile organic compounds depend on nature of the volatile organic compound, the level of exposure, and length of exposure.

The USEPA, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) are collectively responsible for establishing what are allowable concentrations and levels of exposure to any substance based on health studies. NYSDEC has established total allowable emission levels of VOCs that Empire Biofuels will be allowed to discharge. Current projections of Empire's VOC emissions predict that Empire's maximum discharge will be 20% below the maximum allowed by NYSDEC.

Question 3: In my research, I found an alarming number of news stories about serious fires at ethanol plants. For example, the plant in Caro, Michigan, experienced 3 serious fires in its first year and a half of operation - the last one involving 50 firefighters, from 8 fire companies working over a two-day period to extinguish the flames. Are we prepared and willing to take on this type of risk in our region?

Response 3: Ethanol plants are primarily constructed of non-flammable materials, so the only sources of fire are the products being processed. The two products, that if handled improperly could pose the potential for fire, are the ethanol in distillation and storage, and the grains in the drying process. There are numerous safety plans and equipment required by law in the construction of an ethanol plant based on these two potential sources of fire. These are listed in Attachment No. 1 (attached). The major fire response/prevention measures are: an automated foam depressant system in the distillation building, and separation of the ethanol storage area from the rest of the facility and within a containment berm, should there be a leak or a spill. Most ethanol plant fires are small fires in the distiller's grain dryer and are immediately and automatically extinguished by a "snuffer" system in the dryer.

Our proposed equipment designer, Delta T, has constructed or expanded nine ethanol plants in the U.S. The only fire to occur at a Delta-T plant resulted from a subcontractor who used a cutting torch to cut into a tank that contained vapors from some of the water that was part of the recycling process. This fire could have been avoided had the contractor followed required OSHA procedures to check and then vent the tank before cutting into it. As in most businesses, good management and safety procedures are adhered to because they usually coincide with the same management practices that lead to greater profitability.

Empire Biofuels has already begun what is planned to be a long and successful relationship with the local emergency community. We have met with members of the local fire companies, including Fire Chief Bill Gladis, in addition to the County Emergency Manager Charles McCann. As plant layout and design progresses, the emergency community and Empire will continue to meet periodically so that they have intimate knowledge of the facility and its workings and so that the safety systems are optimized to work with the emergency community' s equipment and abilities.

Question 4: Why is the proposed site located in such close proximity to the most densely populated areas of Seneca Falls , such as the Village and our newer housing developments?

Response 4: The proposed site was chosen based on access to: rail, water, gas and electric utilities, major transportation routes, and product markets ( New York State farms). The current Town Master Plan for the planned development location targets that entire corridor for commercial development, according to Town Zoning officials. The site currently sits between two industrial zones with an adjacent industrial park. A number of industries are already closer to the most concentrated area of population as defined by the 2000 Census; viz; the Village, than this proposed project.

Question 5: The ethanol production process involved the transport, storage, and use of a variety of hazardous materials. Ethanol itself is highly flammable. How will the storage and transport of these dangerous substances affect the safety of our local residents?

Response 5 : The use of gasoline is a basic component of our nation's economy and is routinely transported all over this country without restriction. The production of biofuels has been supported by the President of the United States to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, has been specifically supported by Governor Pataki in his 2005 State of the State address, and is supported by 29 governors across the United States and 6 member nations in the "Governors' Ethanol Coalition."

Ethanol is less flammable and less volatile than gasoline. However, as a conservative measure, ethanol will be handled under the same regulations and conditions as gasoline. Thus, the storage and transport of the ethanol and its production ingredients is not expected to adversely affect the safety of local residents.

The only other potentially hazardous material used in the process is a small amount of sulfuric acid, used to adjust the acidity of the corn/water mixture to establish the appropriate conditions for fermentation. A small quantity of sulfuric acid would be stored, separated from other materials, within a containment area to handle any possible spill.

The recommended truck transport route is: North on 5 & 20 to Route 318 to Interstate 90, specifically so that the truck transport does not travel through the Village of Seneca Falls , viz., the most populous area noted by the U.S. Census of 2000.

Question 6: Has Empire Biofuels submitted their formal evacuation plan for the plant? If so when will the community be able to review it?

Response 6: The safety measures currently being designed into the construction of Empire Biofuels proposed ethanol plant are presented in response to Question No. 3. They came about through regulatory requirements and through studies of potential emergency or "worst-case" scenarios. No evacuation plan will be prepared, since the facility does not pose the potential to impact the community even under a "worst-case" emergency scenario.

Question 7: We've heard that the proposed ethanol plant is a locally owned and operated enterprise, but when I looked into some of the partners involved they appear to be headquartered in other states.

The web site for one of the specified partners, newhopepartners.com is currently under construction. It does not give any contact information and the e-mail link does not work By doing a web search, I was able to find a reference to New Hope Partners in a Sept 2004 press release announcing a partnership between New Hope Partners and a company called Chartworth. Here it stated that New Hope Partners is located in Newtown , PA and that Chartworth is located in New Hampshire . Another press release announced a partnership between New Hope Partners and a company called Sempra Commodities located in Connecticut Therefore, I am confused, Is this a locally controlled and financed project or not?

Response 7: The project is locally controlled and financed. There are currently 91 investors. Of those, 63% are farmers. Eighty-nine reside in Central New York . The remainder are relatives of those who do live in New York State .

New Hope Partners is not currently an investor or "partner" in that sense. They are an investment/financial management consultant for whom we pay to receive those services. We have referred to them and others with whom we have contracts or preliminary agreements for services with as partners because we value their input in the project. But they are not partners in the financial sense. They do not at this time hold any stock in the project. Sempra currently has no contracts with Empire, nor are they an investor.

It is the intention of the Empire Board of Directors that there be as much local financing as possible. The project will cost an estimated $80 million. Financing will not be finalized until the plant receives its required environmental permits. The Board of Directors would like to maintain local control and have dictated to New Hope Partners that potential sources of financing be made aware of that priority.

Question 8: What experience do the people who plan to operate and manage the proposed ethanol plant have in constructing operating and managing such a facility?

Response 8: Empire has performed considerable research to hire the best possible team members. Our design/build/permitting team is an alliance with Delta-T (equipment provider), T.E. Ibberson (engineering firm) The Industrial Company (TIC) (general contractor) and Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. (environmental consulting firm). A brief description of the experience and capabilities of each of these firms is provided as Attachment No. 2. The Empire Board will also hire experienced business and plant management to oversee day-to-day operations.

Question 9 : Ethanol plants require a high volume of water for their operations and produce considerable quantities of waste water.

a What will this do to our water quality?

b. What will this do to our ability to supply adequate water and treatment services to area residents and existing businesses?

c. Will the large amount of water and waste treatment required by the proposed ethanol plant prevent us from adequately providing these services to other new business considering Seneca Falls as a site for their enterprises?

d. How will the operations of an ethanol plant impact the valuable natural resources of our lakes, rivers, streams and the canal?

Response 9: a. The ethanol plant will have no negative impact on local water quality, as the

only discharge will be those constituents removed from the water source

prior to its use, being returned to the water source.

b. No impact.

c. No.

d. Any discharges or emissions will be pursuant to NYSDEC regulations to ensure that they will have no significant impact on water or air quality.

Question 10: I also have questions about the increased truck and train traffic which will flow through our community to service the needs of the ethanol plant What will the impact be on the safety of traffic on our roads, noise levels, the extra wear on road surfaces, and any road improvements needed to accommodate trucks turning in and out of the plant?

Response 10: Only a partial answer to this question can be provided at this time. When current studies being undertaken within the design of the facility are completed, a more complete response will be submitted. However, we can say that the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) will be responsible for ensuring that the projected truck traffic will not be detrimental to the existing road surfaces. When studies are completed we will provide more details regarding the timing and frequency of train routes, the potential for noise generation, and safety measures in train transport.

Question 11: I also wonder what the proposed ethanol plant will mean to Vince's Park. Will members of our community want to continue Vince's Park when it is so close to the odor of an ethanol plant? Does it make sense to continue funding improvements to Vince's Park if we allow an ethanol plant so close to the park? Will it be safe for children and adults to participate in outdoor recreation activities near an ethanol plant particularly those with respiratory conditions?

Will increased truck traffic cause safety problems for people visiting Vince's Park?

Response 11: The proposed ethanol facility is more than a mile away from Vince's Park and thus will not have safety or potential odor impact on Vince's Park. Truck traffic on Routes 5 & 20 and Route 318 is already common and will not significantly increase as a result of this project. Again, the NYSDOT will be responsible for assessing the potential for traffic impact.

Question 12: Will the loss of farmland close to the center of our community diminish the rural, small town atmosphere of our community's character?

Response 12: No. The proposed ethanol plant will utilize less than 50 acres . The increased value of corn, increased availability of distillers grains for livestock feed and creation of jobs should enhance the ability of Seneca Falls to maintain economic viability and retain the community character.

Empire Biofuels sees this project as an agribusiness. In that sense, citing an ethanol plant on this property is the property's best long-term chance to retain agriculture on-site. The soils of the site are poorly drained, heavy clay, and thus not highly productive for crops. In addition, as stated in Response to Question No. 4, the land is located in what the Town's Master Plan currently plans as a commercial zone, and the property is located between two existing industrial zones.

Question 13: I'm wondering what impression tourists will receive approaching our community, via the Canal and Routes 5 & 20 when they see the tall structures of the factory, the exhaust plume and odors?

Response 13: The question presumes significant negative impacts without any evidence. There should be nothing resulting from this proposed ethanol plant that should deter tourists. In fact, the ethanol plant itself will be an attraction, bringing in visitors from industry, schools, and government. We anticipate, based on the experiences of other similar plants, that it will draw a number of tourists who will come to tour the ethanol facility. These numbers will peak annually during the Empire Farm Show.

Question 14: How will this affect our local area wildlife particularly so close to Montezuma Wildlife Refuge?

Response 14: The NYSDEC is responsible for the protection of local wildlife and has informed us that this project, even given the location of the Montezuma Wildlife Refuge, is not expected to create a significant impact to wildlife.

Question 15: Many neighbors of ethanol plants in other communities complain of high noise levels from truck and train traffic, as well as, unloading and other operations at existing plants. Will we have those same problems?

Response 15: The plant site is already served by major transportation routes. Traffic levels at the facility will present only marginal increases in the amount of transportation. The SEQRA process will include a full evaluation of the traffic and noise impacts. For example, the noise study will measure noise levels, measured in decibels from various parts of the plant, and will include mitigation measures if they pose the potential for significant impact. The facility's location -approximately 1600 feet back from Routes 5 & 20 and buffered from the Canal by almost 500 feet of distance and a significant mature tree barrier - indicates that noise will not pose a significant impact.

Question 16: Many neighbors of ethanol plants also complain of night glare at existing plants. What impact would this light pollution have on the rural atmosphere of our community?

Response 16: Twenty-four hour lighting is necessary to provide plant safety and security, but lights can be designed to be both directional and low glare to avoid off site impact. There will be no impact on the community character.

Question 17: How and when was this proposed ethanol project presented to our community government leaders? Empire Biofuels, in their printed promotional materials, states, "The County of Seneca and the Town of Seneca Falls have welcomed the project with open arms. They have committed their resources to achieving the plant development and success." Is this a true statement? How is the local government planning on obtaining public comment?

Response 17: Official presentation of the project to the Town began with the submission of the rezoning petition on May 31, 2005, along with supporting documents. This submission is also the start of the State Environmental Quality Review process. Many of the questions listed here will be answered as part of that process. The Lead Agency will be responsible for first-hand investigation of all aspects of the proposed project.

Town and County officials have known about the potential for the project for about two years. Empire announced its site choice with the help of the County Industrial Development Authority in October 2004 in a public announcement. Some Town officials did attend the announcement to learn more about the proposed project.

A Town public hearing is required for the proposed rezoning.

Question 18: The proposed plant would require major re-zoning established by our Town and Village governments? I'm concerned that such rezoning could attract lawsuits and lead to considerable liability on the part of our Town government.

Response 18: First, as a legal matter, suits over granting a rezoning do not pose any liability threat to local governments. Challenges to a rezoning are brought through Article 78 actions, which do not allow for recovery of damages, only the reversal or sustaining of the municipality's decision. Second, while, of course, any opponent of a project can sue, prevailing is a much harder task. Rezoning would only be successfully challenged if the actions are arbitrary and capricious. When rezoning is, as it would be here, consistent with the Master Plan for the Town, they are upheld. As stated in the Response to Question Nos. 4 and 12 above, this use and proposed rezoning is consistent with the Town's existing Master Plan. Our plan would call for re-zoning of a piece of land to industrial use that is already sandwiched between two industrial zones.

Question 19: How does this proposed project relate to the Seneca Falls Comprehensive Planning process? As a town and village we are investing significant financial resources, and the time and thought of hundreds of residents, in the analysis and planning for future land use in the community. Why would it be appropriate to consider such a major project until the Comprehensive Plan is complete?

Response 19: As stated in the Response to Question No. 18 above, this proposed use and re­zoning of the site is consistent with Town's existing comprehensive development plan. Municipalities do not cease zoning, planning, or construction activities when their comprehensive plans are in the developmental stages or being up-dated. Moreover, the use is consistent with surrounding uses, nor is there any reason to delay review.

Question 20: People who would work at the proposed plant can choose to live anywhere. How do we know they wouldn't take their wages out of town to communities that protect their quality of life. In the meantime, wouldn't Seneca Falls risk losing property tax revenue if property values decline due to the negative effects of the plant on the quality of life in our area?

Response 20: Most people prefer to live near their work, particularly in a community with the quality of life such as Seneca Falls . Many ethanol plants attract workers from the existing communities, such as part-time farmers and young people. The Delta-T designed ethanol plant in Benson , Minnesota is located less than one mile northwest of Benson. The primary residential expansion is occurring to the northwest, toward the ethanol plant.

This proposed project will directly increase the quality of life for the 35 people receiving family wage jobs created by the project, at a time when New York State is a net job loss State . Those will be in addition to the jobs created in the industries that will support the project: rail, trucking, thruway, feed industry, and other support services (gas stations, restaurants, office supplies, farms, etc). State economists estimate that jobs in the manufacturing industry have a jobs multiplier effect of 2.67, meaning every new industrial job creates 2.67 other jobs.

The use of this site for an industrial facility will increase the tax base of the community compared to its current use. The project will not have a negative impact on the community or its property values.

Question 21: I believe we need time to carefully consider anything that will have such an important impact on our community. Why is it necessary for Seneca Falls to approve rezoning and construction of an ethanol plant before any other ethanol plants are in operation in the State of New York ? Is it wise to gamble with the welfare of our community on such an unknown quantity?

Response 21: There is significant experience and knowledge gained from the nearly 100 ethanol plants in production and under construction across the country today. The impacts from construction and operation of an ethanol plant in a community are well-established and do not present a "gamble" to the welfare of a community.

ATTACHMENT NO. 1

Empire Biofuels - Proposed Ethanol Production Facility

Emergency Considerations

•  Emergency Action Plans (EAPs)

•  Lock out/Tag out Program

•  Process hazard analysis

•  Employee safety training

•  Chemical handling training

•  Ethanol storage tanks area spaced at least 250 feet from any other areas

•  Annual site visits by the fire department

•  SPCC Plan

•  Dust ignition proof and/or explosion proof electrical equipment

•  Emergency showers

•  Alcohol resistant foam fire protection system

•  Comprehensive emergency shutdown procedures

•  Regularly scheduled planned shutdowns

•  Process Safety Management Program

•  Development of Standard Operating Procedures

•  Minimum 2-hour water supply

•  OSHA grain handling guidelines

•  Hot Work Permitting

ATTACHMENT NO. 2

Empire Biofuels Design/Build/Permitting Team

Delta-T - R. L. Bibb Swain, CEO and founder of Delta-T Corporation, spent his previous life as a rocket scientist. Many of his design innovations for ethanol processing had their origins in his fifteen years of designing and testing rockets and jet engines. His first desiccant-based dehydrator was used to dry the air for a supersonic wind tunnel. By applying aerospace concepts to ethanol production, he produced a stream of innovative new products that helped Delta-T revolutionize the ethanol industry. Most recently, he's invented a new method for eliminating process wastewater. Not one to ever stand still, Bibb is also applying his thinking to other gases and liquids besides ethanol and is convinced that he can customize the breakthrough design, value-added engineering, and robust fabrication that have given Delta-T its reputation for cost-effective solutions.

Delta-T's mission is to combine technological innovation with environmental stewardship in the energy and chemical processing industries to help our customers earn higher profits, conserve valuable resources, promote health and safety, and contribute to cleaner air and water around the world.

In 1991, Delta-T was chosen to produce a 3,500-gallon-per-hour dehydrator for Europe 's largest beverage distillery plant. It marked the first large-scale commercial application of Delta-T molecular sieve technology. By the end of 1992, Delta-T had landed three more large contracts, all exceeding 1,000 gallons-per-hour, for dehydrators in the Midwest US.

Today, Delta-T molsieve systems are operating at 50 installations worldwide, more than all their competitors put together. They've pioneered Ultra-dry and Ultra-clea technologies for drying and purifying industrial-grade alcohol.

They've built the world's largest molsieve for dehydrating ethanol. They've designed what would be the world's largest dry-mill ethanol plant.

They have alliances on three continents in the food, brewing, pharmaceutical, liquor, perfume, and petrochemical industries. Some are huge multinational powers, others niche players.

TIC - TIC is a general heavy industrial contractor headquartered in Steamboat Springs , Colorado . TIC has been repeatedly decorated for their service and safety performance. On a national and regional level, they have been recognized by such organizations as Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC), Engineering News-Record (ENR), Associated General Contractors of America (AGC), and the American Concrete Institute (ACI).

T.E. Ibberson - T. E. Ibberson Company is an industry-preferred engineering and construction company with over 120 years of experience in:

•  Grain processing and storage

•  Feed manufacturing

•  Pet food manufacturing

•  Flour milling

•  Renewable fuels

•  Food manufacturing

•  Cement and mineral

Ibberson is a three-time recipient of the Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC) Eagle Award for National Excellence in Construction, and a repeat recipient of the ABC STEP Platinum Award for superior safety performance.

ABC has awarded Ibberson with numerous regional awards as well, along with other organizations including the Grain Elevator and Processing Society (GEAPS) and American Concrete Institute (ACI), which have recognized Ibberson for its outstanding contribution to the industry.

Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Malcolm Pirnie traces its origins back over a century to the predecessor firms of Noyes & Hazen, Hazen & Whipple, and Hazen, Everett & Pirnie. Malcolm Pirnie, Sr. formed his own firm, Malcolm Pirnie, Civil Engineer, in 1929; and the firm was reorganized as the partnership, Malcolm Pirnie Engineers, in 1946. In 1970 the firm was incorporated in its present form.

Today, Malcolm Pirnie is one of the largest consulting firms in the United States concentrating solely on environmental disciplines. With a staff of over 1,500 engineers, scientists, planners, architects, designers, technicians and support personnel, the firm is devoted exclusively to environmental engineering - specifically, environmental impact assessments, water and wastewater engineering, solid and hazardous waste management, energy conservation, and air pollution control. In addition to its corporate headquarters in White Plains , New York , Malcolm Pirnie maintains more than 50 offices throughout the United States .

Malcolm Pirnie provides environmental consulting services to both public and private sector clients. Regardless of size, every client receives the same personal attention and responsive service. This policy has led to many long-standing client relationships - some for more than 45 years.

Malcolm Pirnie offers a full range of environmental engineering and performance enhancement services:

Malcolm Pirnie tailors these services to meet the needs of the client. Pirnie's participation can range from small, specialized studies supplementing the work of an in-house staff, to complete development of large-scale facilities from site planning through pilot studies, engineering/economic feasibility studies, environmental analyses, permitting, design, construction assistance, startup, and supervision of plant operations.

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